Bacterial Pathogens

Question 1 of 19

1

Which are correct regarding Bacillus anthracis?

Select one or more of the following:

Spore-forming
Gram-Negative
Gram-Positive
Can encode a capsule
Is not typically transmitted via respiratory tract

Explanation

Question 2 of 19

1

Which enzyme allows Yersinia pestis to survive in the midgut of the flea?

Select one of the following:

phospholipase D
phosphokinase
adenylate cyclase
protease

Explanation

Question 3 of 19

1

There is currently research being done to make an anthrax vaccine. A current candidate for a vaccine is LF (lethal factor) mutant E687C, which induces anti-LF antibody formation but lacks LF enzymatic activity. If a patient was given the E687C mutant as a vaccine but then was exposed to wildtype Bacillus anthracis, what would happen?

Select one of the following:

The patient would get an intense anthrax infection. The mutant and wildtype LF would both contribute to pathogenesis causing lethal vascular collapse in the heart.
The patient would get a normal anthrax infection. The vaccine doesn’t have the same protein structure as wildtype LF so it wouldn’t be effective against wildtype B. anthracis.
The patient would not get an anthrax infection. The vaccine would cause the immune system to recognize B. anthracis and activate an immune response

Explanation

Question 4 of 19

1

Which bacterium does not survive within the host by disabling or killing phagocytic cells?

Select one of the following:

Yersinia pestis
Bacillus anthracis
Treponema pallidum

Explanation

Question 5 of 19

1

You are a doctor and have several patients come into your clinic. They have various symptoms: some have skin infections and lesions, some have necrosis of intestines, and some have lung infections. You aren’t concerned because the symptoms don’t seem connected. However, your clinical microbiologist fears an outbreak in your city. What microbe did the clinical microbiologist identify causing infection in all 3 of your patients?

Select one of the following:

Yersinia pestis
Salmonella typhimurium
Bordetella pertussis
Bacillus anthracis
Shigella flexneri

Explanation

Question 6 of 19

1

What are the major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis?

Select one or more of the following:

the anthrax toxins
an antiphagocytic polyglutamic capsule
Yop

Explanation

Question 7 of 19

1

How do the three anthrax toxins participate in pathogenesis?

Select one of the following:

They alter cell signaling pathways in the host to interfere with innate immune responses in early stages of infection and to induce vascular collapse at late stages
They migrate to the regional lymph nodes, are phagocytosed by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes, and multiply intracellularly.
They silence the pro-inflammatory cytokine response and cause apoptotic death of the infected macrophages
They penetrate intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enter the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection

Explanation

Question 8 of 19

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

binds to cellular receptors to translocate and into cells.

Explanation

Question 9 of 19

1

What activates the virulence factors in Bacillus anthracis?

Select one or more of the following:

increase in bicarbonate
activation of AtxA
change in temperature

Explanation

Question 10 of 19

1

❌: ❌, ❌, causes anthrax
❌: ❌, ❌, rod shape, ❌
❌: gram-negative, ❌, ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Bacillus anthracis

Yersinia pestis

Treponema pallidum

gram-negative

gram-positive

spore-forming

non-sporulating

spirochete

causes the plague

causes syphilis

Explanation

Question 11 of 19

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Fill in the blanks for the stages of syphilis.

( Latent:, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary ) no signs, but still infected
( Secondary, Primary, Latent, Acute, Tertiary ): skin rashes, mucous membrane lesions, fever, sore throat, headaches, muscle aches, etc. (“The Great Imposter”)
( Tertiary (years later), Quaternary (years later), Latent (years later), Dormant (years later) ): damage to internal organs (heart, eyes, brain)
( Primary, Secondary, Acute, Latent ): sores at site of infection

Explanation

Question 12 of 19

1

Yersinia pestis rapidly penetrates intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enters the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 13 of 19

1

❌ evades the immune system via antigenic variation of ❌ a surface-exposed protein
On contact with host macrophages, ❌ injects ❌ resulting in the silencing of the pro-inflammatory cytokine response and in apoptotic death of the infected macrophages
In ❌, ❌ binds to cellular receptors to translocate ❌ and ❌ into cells. The toxins alter cell signaling pathways in the host to interfere with innate immune responses in early stages of infection and to induce vascular collapse at late stages.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

T. pallidum

TprK,

Yersinia pestis

Yops

Bacillus anthracis

protective antigen

lethal factor

edema factor

Explanation

Question 14 of 19

1

Which transmission routes are possible for Bacillus anthracis?

Select one of the following:

Respiratory tract
Direct contact
Mother to fetus
Ingestion
a, b, and d

Explanation

Question 15 of 19

1

What are the possible transmission routes for Yersinia pestis?

Select one or more of the following:

Inhalation
Ingestion
Blood
Lesions

Explanation

Question 16 of 19

1

Which of the following methods of contact would result in transmission of syphilis?

Select one or more of the following:

Sexual contact with infectious lesions
Mother to fetus in utero
Blood product transfusion
Physical touch with unbroken skin of infected person
Infected person coughs near uninfected person

Explanation

Question 17 of 19

1

What is the secretion system of Yersinia pestis?

Select one of the following:

Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV

Explanation

Question 18 of 19

1

Which of the following pathogens does not have endotoxin?

Select one of the following:

Bacillus anthracis
Yersinia pestis
Salmonella typhimurium
All of the above

Explanation

Question 19 of 19

1

Yersiniz pestis ❌, ❌, ❌
Bacillus anthracis ❌, ❌, skin infection
Treponema pallidum ❌, sores on hands, ❌, ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

lesions

skin infection

lung infection

necrosis of intestines

lung damage

inflamed arteries

fever

headache

	Created by Amanda A about 6 years ago

W10Th

Bacterial Pathogens

Question 1 of 19

Which are correct regarding Bacillus anthracis?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 19

Which enzyme allows Yersinia pestis to survive in the midgut of the flea?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 19

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 19

Which bacterium does not survive within the host by disabling or killing phagocytic cells?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 19

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 19

What are the major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 19

How do the three anthrax toxins participate in pathogenesis?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 19

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

binds to cellular receptors to translocate and into cells.

Explanation

Question 9 of 19

What activates the virulence factors in Bacillus anthracis?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 19

❌: ❌, ❌, causes anthrax ❌: ❌, ❌, rod shape, ❌ ❌: gram-negative, ❌, ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 11 of 19

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 12 of 19

Yersinia pestis rapidly penetrates intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enters the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 19

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 14 of 19

Which transmission routes are possible for Bacillus anthracis?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 19

What are the possible transmission routes for Yersinia pestis?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 19

Which of the following methods of contact would result in transmission of syphilis?

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 19

What is the secretion system of Yersinia pestis?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 19

Which of the following pathogens does not have endotoxin?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 19

Yersiniz pestis ❌, ❌, ❌ Bacillus anthracis ❌, ❌, skin infection Treponema pallidum ❌, sores on hands, ❌, ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

❌: ❌, ❌, causes anthrax
❌: ❌, ❌, rod shape, ❌
❌: gram-negative, ❌, ❌

Yersiniz pestis ❌, ❌, ❌
Bacillus anthracis ❌, ❌, skin infection
Treponema pallidum ❌, sores on hands, ❌, ❌