Kelly Kinsinger
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Quiz on Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Eleven Study Guide, created by Kelly Kinsinger on 05/11/2018.

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Kelly Kinsinger
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Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Eleven Study Guide

Question 1 of 25

1

When using chemicals to kill microbes on surfaces, _________________ are for use on inanimate objects and _______________ are considered safe to use on living tissues.

Select one of the following:

  • antiseptics, disinfectants

  • disinfectants, antiseptics

  • disinfectants, sterilizers

  • antibiotics, disinfectants

Explanation

Question 2 of 25

1

A chemical is used to clean the surface of an examination table. The previous patient was a dog that has experienced chronic bouts of interdigital dermatitis. After examination, the veterinarian diagnosed Staphylococcal pyoderma with secondary infection by the fungus Malassezia. What type of disinfectant should you use to clean this table after the examination?

Select one of the following:

  • A virucide and a bacteriostat

  • A bacteriocide and a fungicide

  • A parasitocide and a virucide

  • A fungicide and a parasitocide

Explanation

Question 3 of 25

1

All of the following should be considered when choosing an ideal disinfectant except

Select one of the following:

  • amount of tissue irritation or surface damage the chemical causes.

  • ability of the chemical to become inactivated.

  • how many microbes the chemical works against.

  • how pleasant the chemical smells.

  • the cost of the chemical.

Explanation

Question 4 of 25

1

Which of the following statements is true about alcohol as a disinfectant?

Select one of the following:

  • Alcohol is effective in destroying Bacillus spores

  • Alcohol is effective against nonenveloped viruses but worthless against enveloped viruses

  • Alcohol is not effective as a broad-spectrum antibacterial

  • Alcohol’s mode of action involves dissolving pathogen membranes and inactivating proteins

Explanation

Question 5 of 25

1

A farmer is struggling with infectious interdigital dermatitis in his dairy herd. After consulting with his veterinarian, he has decided to invest in a foot bath system. Since he knows a bit about the antimicrobial capabilities of isopropyl alcohol, he would like to use this (in diluted form) as his foot bath chemical. Why would you advise against this?

Select one of the following:

  • Alcohols are volatile and flammable

  • Isopropyl alcohol is not effective against all microbes

  • Isopropyl alcohol would be inactivated by the organic materials in the foot bath

  • All of the above are reasons not to use this compound

Explanation

Question 6 of 25

1

As a technician is cleaning the runs to the clinic’s dog room, she runs out of 10% bleach. In an effort to complete her cleaning, she grabs a bottle of color-safe bleach from the laundry room and decides to dilute it to 10% with tap water to make a working solution of bleach. What is a concern with this procedure?

Select one of the following:

  • Water should not be used as a diluent, as it inactivates the chloride compound

  • Color safe bleach is just a diluted form of regular bleach, so her dilution makes it too weak

  • Color safe bleach is different than regular bleach, and has less disinfection capabilities

  • She shouldn’t be using bleach at all, as dogs are very sensitive to chlorine

Explanation

Question 7 of 25

1

Chlorhexidine is a commonly used antiseptic used in veterinary medicine. All except one of the following are true regarding chlorhexidine. Which is incorrect?

Select one of the following:

  • Chlorhexidine functions by damaging cell membrane of the pathogen and lysing the cell

  • Chlorhexidine is effective against both enveloped and naked viruses

  • Chlorhexidine maintains residual activity on skin surfaces

  • Compared to alcohol, chlorhexidine resists inactivation by organic matter

  • Chlorhexidine can be damaging as an otic preparation if the tympanic membrane is ruptured

Explanation

Question 8 of 25

1

What types of organisms are quaternary ammonium compounds effective against?

Select one of the following:

  • Gram-positive bacteria

  • Gram-negative bacteria

  • Non-enveloped (“naked”) viruses

  • Enveloped viruses

  • Both A and D (Gram-positive bacteria & Enveloped viruses)

Explanation

Question 9 of 25

1

Which common disinfectant should be chosen to clean a piece of medical-grade plastic tubing that has a slimy film on its inside surface?

Select one of the following:

  • Isopropyl alcohol

  • 10% bleach

  • Tween buffer

  • Glutaraldehyde

Explanation

Question 10 of 25

1

Iodine is effective in disinfecting/sanitizing all of the following except

Select one of the following:

  • spattered bloody feces from a dog with parvovirus.

  • nasal secretion of a dog with kennel cough.

  • a ringworm lesion on a cat.

  • a sample containing Clostridium tetani spores.

Explanation

Question 11 of 25

1

What occurs when populations of microorganisms are exposed to low concentrations of antimicrobial chemicals?

Select one of the following:

  • Their growth is stopped

  • Selective pressure is applied to create death

  • Selective pressure is applied that creates resistance

  • Their DNA is denatured

Explanation

Question 12 of 25

1

Why are pseudomonas species highly resistant to disinfection?

Select one of the following:

  • They grow in large numbers

  • They do not create a biofilm

  • They cannot attach to living tissue

  • They exude a glycocalyx

Explanation

Question 13 of 25

1

Common sites for nosocomial infections include all except

Select one of the following:

  • orthopedic implants.

  • urinary tracts.

  • endotracheal tubes.

  • pastures.

Explanation

Question 14 of 25

1

What can make disinfectants less effective?

Select one of the following:

  • Hard water

  • Improper dilution

  • Inappropriate selection based on organism

  • All of these

Explanation

Question 15 of 25

1

Non enveloped viruses common in veterinary hospitals include all but

Select one of the following:

  • canine parvovirus.

  • feline panleukopenia.

  • feline calicivirus.

  • rabies virus.

Explanation

Question 16 of 25

1

What is not important to consider when choosing disinfectants?

Select one of the following:

  • cost

  • color

  • stability

  • spectrum of action

Explanation

Question 17 of 25

1

What is alcohol’s main mechanism of action against pathogens?

Select one of the following:

  • Destroy its DNA

  • Slows bacterial cell wall growth

  • Dissolves lipids

  • Gets them drunk

Explanation

Question 18 of 25

1

Applying alcohol to open wounds is not recommended because

Select one of the following:

  • alcohol is flammable.

  • prolonged contact with alcohol can corrode metal surfaces.

  • it effectively kills all pathogens instantly and prevents all infections.

  • it causes pain and may also facilitate the survival of pathogens.

Explanation

Question 19 of 25

1

Why do hand sanitizers include alcohol?

Select one of the following:

  • Alcohol is a surfactant.

  • Alcohol has a quick kill time.

  • Alcohol doesn’t affect the skins lipids.

  • Alcohol can be applied to open wounds.

Explanation

Question 20 of 25

1

Why should a chlorine-disinfected cat cage be thoroughly rinsed before returning the cat?

Select one of the following:

  • To remove chlorine-resistant bacteria

  • To activate the disinfecting properties of chlorine

  • To decrease the risk of skin irritation

  • To allow the cage to dry

Explanation

Question 21 of 25

1

Instead of free-iodine compounds, iodophors ______________________________.

Select one of the following:

  • are less irritating but have a shorter duration of action

  • cannot be used on open wounds

  • are no longer used in Vet medicine

  • are less irritating and have a longer duration of action

Explanation

Question 22 of 25

1

A surfactant is a chemical that

Select one of the following:

  • breaks the surface tension of water.

  • allows easier interaction between organic material and chemicals.

  • when combined with an iodophor are often referred to as surgical scrubs.

  • All of the above are true

Explanation

Question 23 of 25

1

Phenols are most effective against

Select one of the following:

  • gram-positive bacteria.

  • gram-negative bacteria.

  • spores.

  • fungi.

Explanation

Question 24 of 25

1

Which is less inactivated by organic material?

Select one of the following:

  • Detergents

  • Quaternary ammonium

  • Chlorine

  • Phenols

Explanation

Question 25 of 25

1

What is the definition of “Disinfection?”

Select one of the following:

  • Removal of all microbial organisms from a surface

  • Removing visible debris off a surface

  • General destruction of pathogens

  • Treatment of an animal ill with an infectious disease

Explanation

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