Joe Jorgensen
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Mid-Term for Water Treatment 1 & 2 for MSJC

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Joe Jorgensen
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Water Treatment 1 & 2 Mid-Term MSJC

Question 1 of 84

1

Temperature has no effect on the sedimentation rate of a particle.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 84

1

Chloramines are toxic to healthy humans.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 84

1

If head loss is a problem but breakthrough is limited, larger sized media may be appropriate.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 84

1

A slow sand filter should be backwashed when the head loss through the filter becomes excessive.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 84

1

Coagulation and flocculation are used to remove materials, especially non-settleable solids and color.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 6 of 84

1

The inlet zone of a sedimentation basin is designed to minimize velocities near the bottom of the basin to prevent scouring.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 84

1

Smooth circular particles will settle slower than irregular particles.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 84

1

Backwash at too high a rate is much less destructive than at too low a backwash rate

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 84

1

Water with low turbidity is just as difficult to treat as those with increased turbidity.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 84

1

The detention time may be defined as the actual time that a small amount of water is retained in the sedimentation basin.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 84

1

Chlorine gas is extremely toxic and corrosive in moist atmospheres.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 84

1

In most types of filtration, particles are removed mainly by straining.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 84

1

Free available residual chlorine has the greatest disinfecting action of the chlorine compounds.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 84

1

A long, narrow rectangular sedimentation tank is the shape most likely to have short-circuiting problems.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 84

1

The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule does not address Cryptosporidium.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 84

1

The turbidity requirement under the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment rule is < 0.3 NTU.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 84

1

150 lb. chlorine cylinders may be stored on their sides

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 84

1

Ozone is highly reactive.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 84

1

When water temperatures increase, the flow through a sedimentation basin must be decreased.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 20 of 84

1

Too high a backwash rate may cause excessive loss of filter media.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 84

1

Chlorine gas is lighter than air.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 84

1

Alum Sludge is often returned to plant to "condition" raw water.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 84

1

Rapid Sand filters trap suspended matter in the biologically active Schmutzdecke.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 84

1

There is no minimum requirement for distribution chlorine residual under the SWTR.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 84

1

Floc gathers together during the flash-mixing process.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 26 of 84

1

If the chlorine demand has been met and there is still chlorine in the water, what is the remaining chlorine called?

Select one of the following:

  • Breakpoint

  • Residual

  • Dose

  • Demand

Explanation

Question 27 of 84

1

Gas Chlorine is ______________________?

Select one of the following:

  • 2.5 times heavier than air

  • A greenish-yellow cloud

  • An oxidant

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 28 of 84

1

What is the difference between conventional and direct filtration?

Select one of the following:

  • No sedimentation

  • No coagulation

  • No Flocculation

  • No disinfection

Explanation

Question 29 of 84

1

Turbidity is the expression of the _____________ of the water?

Select one of the following:

  • Alkalinity

  • pH of the water

  • Clarity

  • Water temperature

Explanation

Question 30 of 84

1

Which of the following is more resistant to disinfection

Select one of the following:

  • Turbidity

  • Cysts

  • Coliform

  • All of the Above

Explanation

Question 31 of 84

1

Water with a pH of 9 would be considered?

Select one of the following:

  • Acidic

  • Neutral

  • Ugly

  • Basic

Explanation

Question 32 of 84

1

Currents within a settling basin could cause _____________.

Select one of the following:

  • Low turbidity readings

  • Color in the finished water

  • Short-circuiting

  • Oxygen depletion

Explanation

Question 33 of 84

1

The main purpose of the jar test is to determine the best?

Select one of the following:

  • Chlorine residual

  • Coagulant dosage

  • Detention time

  • Particulate settling velocity

Explanation

Question 34 of 84

1

Filtration technologies used to comply with Surface Water Treatment Rule include

Select one of the following:

  • Conventional

  • Slow Sand

  • Direct

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 35 of 84

1

Organic matter combined with chlorine can create?

Select one of the following:

  • Septic conditions

  • Trihalomethanes

  • Acidic water unfit for human consumption

  • Legionella

Explanation

Question 36 of 84

1

The coagulation process usually occurs within?

Select one of the following:

  • 30 seconds

  • 5 minutes

  • 15 minutes

  • 30 minutes

Explanation

Question 37 of 84

1

What is coagulation?

Select one of the following:

  • Clumping together of very fine particles into larger particles by the use of chemicals

  • Very small, finely divided solids that remain dispersed in a liquid for a long time

  • Gathering together of fine particles to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing

  • Removal of particles through gravity

Explanation

Question 38 of 84

1

Field test method for chlorine is conducted using _________ method

Select one of the following:

  • Electrometric

  • Spans

  • DPD

  • OPR

Explanation

Question 39 of 84

1

Which is not a characteristic of a rectangular sedimentation basin?

Select one of the following:

  • Tolerates changes in water quality

  • Cost effective

  • Predictable performance

  • More likely to short circuit

Explanation

Question 40 of 84

1

Why should a minimum of two sedimentation basins be provided in all water treatment plants?

Select one of the following:

  • To allow for cleaning of a basin without requiring a plant shutdown

  • To minimize short-circuiting problems

  • To reduce the number of operators needed for O & M

  • Take advantage of common-wall technology

Explanation

Question 41 of 84

1

The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires ______ and ______ of Giardia

Select one of the following:

  • Coagulation and sedimentation

  • Removal and inactivation

  • Disinfection and flocculation

  • Coagulation and disinfection

Explanation

Question 42 of 84

1

What is the purpose of the filtration process?

Select one of the following:

  • Cause very fine particles to clump together into larger particles

  • Kill disease-causing organisms

  • To remove particulate impurities and floc

  • Settle out larger suspended particles

Explanation

Question 43 of 84

1

What is the purpose of the effluent zone in the sedimentation basin?

Select one of the following:

  • To provide smooth transition from the sedimentation basin to the settle water channel

  • To provide compression settling of the sludge

  • To reduce short-circuiting of water in the basin

  • To provide calm, undisturbed storage of flocculated water

Explanation

Question 44 of 84

1

When added to water, chlorine will react with?

Select one of the following:

  • Organic substances

  • Hardness

  • Inorganic substances

  • Both a and c

Explanation

Question 45 of 84

1

On the chlorination breakpoint curve, between points 2 & 3 chlorine reacts with ammonia to form?

Select one of the following:

  • Monochloramine

  • Free chlorine

  • Dichloramine

  • Trichloramine

Explanation

Question 46 of 84

1

What is flocculation?

Select one of the following:

  • Clumping together of very fine particles into larger particles by the use of chemicals

  • Gathering together of fine particles to form larger particles by the process of gentle mixing

  • Removal of iron and manganese

  • Very small, finely divided solids that remain dispersed in a liquid for a long time

Explanation

Question 47 of 84

1

A disinfected water supply is one in which

Select one of the following:

  • Bacteria and viruses have been sterilized

  • Algae has been destroyed

  • Pathogenic organisms have been inactivated or destroyed

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 48 of 84

1

Which is not a form of Chlorine?

Select one of the following:

  • Calcium Hypochlorite

  • Gas

  • Sodium Chloride

  • Sodium Hypochlorite

Explanation

Question 49 of 84

1

Why is ozone prepared onsite?

Select one of the following:

  • Because it acts quicker when produced at the application point

  • Because it is difficult to store in conventional containers

  • Because it is produced on demand

  • Because it is very unstable

Explanation

Question 50 of 84

1

Which is the correct order of filter materials in a multi-media or mixed media gravity filter (From top to Bottom)?

Select one of the following:

  • Coal, Garnet, Sand

  • Coal, Sand, Garnet

  • Garnet, Sand, Coal

  • Sand, Coal, Garnet

Explanation

Question 51 of 84

1

Flash mixing includes

Select one of the following:

  • Blinders

  • Surface currents

  • Baffled chambers

  • Barometric loops

Explanation

Question 52 of 84

1

Tube settlers

Select one of the following:

  • Create mini basins

  • Are not cost effective

  • Increase the operational cost of sedimentation

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 53 of 84

1

Most natural occurring particles in water are ____________

Select one of the following:

  • Positive charged

  • Have no charge

  • Negatively charged

  • Are bi-polar

Explanation

Question 54 of 84

1

The disinfectant with the greatest disinfection potential is?

Select one of the following:

  • Hypochlorous Acid (HOCI)

  • Monochloramine

  • Hydrochloric Acid (HCI)

  • Hypochlorite Ion (OCI)

Explanation

Question 55 of 84

1

The removal efficiency of a filter depends on the _____________

Select one of the following:

  • Chemical characteristics of the water being treated

  • Degree/type of pretreatment

  • Nature of suspension

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 56 of 84

1

In determining the purity of a water sample, it is usually tested for the presence of coliform bacteria because ___________.

Select one of the following:

  • It can be detected using a microscope

  • It can be done in the field

  • It is one of the disease-bearing bacteria

  • Its presence may indicate that the water has been contaminated

Explanation

Question 57 of 84

1

Most important filter effluent water quality change is?

Select one of the following:

  • Chlorine demand

  • Nutrients

  • Turbidity

  • pH

Explanation

Question 58 of 84

1

Factors affecting particle settling include

Select one of the following:

  • Size

  • Density

  • Charge

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 59 of 84

1

How are particles removed by slow sand filtration?

Select one of the following:

  • By chemical and physical disinfection

  • By straining, adsorption and biological action

  • By operation and maintenance procedures

  • By coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation

Explanation

Question 60 of 84

1

Good filter media characteristics include?

Select one of the following:

  • Soft material

  • Highly soluble in water

  • Non-permeable

  • Inert

Explanation

Question 61 of 84

1

Why is the turbidity of the water important when disinfecting water?

Select one of the following:

  • Excessive turbidity will cause a significant shift in pH

  • Excessive turbidity will greatly reduce the efficiency of the disinfection chemical process

  • Excessive turbidity will cause a change in the hardness

  • Excessive turbidity will cause an adjustment

Explanation

Question 62 of 84

1

What could be the cause of floc size breaking up in flocculates?

Select one of the following:

  • Coagulent chemicals are inadequately mixed

  • Detention time too long

  • Mixing intensity is too high

  • Polymer dosage is too high

Explanation

Question 63 of 84

1

Short circuiting in a sedimentation basin can be caused by

Select one of the following:

  • Poor inlet baffling

  • Improper design

  • High inlet velocities

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 64 of 84

1

Which is not a zone in a sedimentation basin?

Select one of the following:

  • Inlet zone

  • Sludge zone

  • Aeration zone

  • Settling zone

Explanation

Question 65 of 84

1

Destruction of harmful bacteria by chlorine is directly related to

Select one of the following:

  • Contact time and chlorine concentration

  • Efficient chlorine dosage levels

  • Whether or not breakpoint chlorination is practiced

  • Whether perchlorination is practiced

Explanation

Question 66 of 84

1

Which is not an important factor when evaluating jar test results?

Select one of the following:

  • Amount of floc formed

  • Alkalinity

  • Floc settling rate

  • Size of floc

Explanation

Question 67 of 84

1

Visual checks of the sedimentation basin include?

Select one of the following:

  • Floc settling characteristics

  • Clarity of laundered water

  • Distribution of floc at basin inlet

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 68 of 84

1

The surface water treatment rule requires which removal rate for Giardia?

Select one of the following:

  • 3 log

  • 2 log

  • 4 log

  • 1 log

Explanation

Question 69 of 84

1

The Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule requires the maintenance of a minimum distribution chlorine residual of?

Select one of the following:

  • 0.2 mg/L

  • 1.0 mg/L

  • 2.0 mg/L

  • 0.5 mg/L

Explanation

Question 70 of 84

1

Weak floc _____________?

Select one of the following:

  • Does not adhere to filter media

  • Can be carried deep into filter

  • Causes increased turbidity of filtered water

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 71 of 84

1

What operation changes in the sedimentation process should be considered by operators when colder water temperatures develop?

Select one of the following:

  • Faster sludge removal rates must be Implemented

  • Surface skimming rates must be increased

  • Chemical dosages must be adjusted

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 72 of 84

1

For conventional filtration plant under the IESWTR, the allowable filter effluent turbidity measured in 95% of the samples collected in a month is ___________ NTU?

Select one of the following:

  • 0.5

  • 0.3

  • 1.0

  • 5.0

Explanation

Question 73 of 84

1

What is a limitation of using ultraviolet rays for disinfection?

Select one of the following:

  • The disruption of selective organic components of the cell

  • The removal of destroyed pathogenic microorganisms

  • The lack of a measurable residual

  • The selection of the optimum wave length

Explanation

Question 74 of 84

1

The "Total Coliform Rule" of the SDWA regulations requires the result of coliform testing to be given as?

Select one of the following:

  • MPN

  • Colony forming units (CFUs)

  • mg/L

  • presence/absence

Explanation

Question 75 of 84

1

What is the maximum feed rate in pounds per day from a 150lb. chlorine cylinder?

Select one of the following:

  • 10 lbs.

  • 20 lbs.

  • 40 lbs.

  • 80 lbs.

Explanation

Question 76 of 84

1

The inactivation of pathogenic organisms is called?

Select one of the following:

  • Sterilization

  • Oxidation

  • Pasteurization

  • Disinfection

Explanation

Question 77 of 84

1

The use of gas chlorine tends to _____________ the pH

Select one of the following:

  • Lower

  • No effect

  • Raise

  • Neutralize

Explanation

Question 78 of 84

1

Parameters which affect disinfection include

Select one of the following:

  • Color

  • pH

  • Temperature

  • Both b and c

Explanation

Question 79 of 84

1

Chlorine Dioxide is composed of ______________ and chlorine

Select one of the following:

  • Ammonia

  • Oxygen

  • Hydrogen Dioxide

  • Sodium Chloride

Explanation

Question 80 of 84

1

Sodium Hypochlorite is the active ingredient in _______________

Select one of the following:

  • Liquid chlorine

  • Powdered chlorine

  • Granular chlorine

  • Gas chlorine

Explanation

Question 81 of 84

1

The reaction zone in a solids contact clarifier is 15 feet in diameter and 8 feet high. What is the detention time in minutes if the flow is 5 million gallons per day?

Select one of the following:

  • 3 gallons per minute

  • 3472 gallons per minute

  • 3.04 minutes

  • 10,562.2 gallons

  • 5 minutes

Explanation

Question 82 of 84

1

A well has a flow of 2500 rpm and a chlorine residual of 2.0 mg/L is required. The demand is 0.5 mg/L. If calcium hypochlorite 65% available chlorine is used, how many lbs./day of hypochlorite is required?

Select one of the following:

  • 3.6 lbs/day

  • 65 lbs/day

  • 75 lbs/day

  • 92 lbs/day

  • 115 lbs/day

Explanation

Question 83 of 84

1

Calculate the filtration rate in gallons per minute, per square foot (GPM/ft2) for a filter with a length of 50 feet by 40 feet when the applied flow is 3 million gallons per day?

Select one of the following:

  • 10 GPM/ft2

  • 3.5 GPM/ft2

  • 2.0 GPM/ft2

  • 2.5 GPM/ft2

  • 1.0 GPM/ft2

Explanation

Question 84 of 84

1

Treatment plant has a flow of 900 GPM and an average turbidity of 10 ntu. A total of 180 lbs. of alum is used in 24 hours. What is the alum dosage in mg/L?

Select one of the following:

  • 0.6 mg/L

  • 10 mg/L

  • 17 mg/L

  • 28 mg/L

  • 138 mg/L

Explanation

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