Basic Renal Structure

What is the principal organ of the renal system?

What are the main roles of the renal system?

What are the two main components of the kidney?

Name the major components of the nephron

Name the two types of nephrons

Which type of capillaries serve the juxtamedullary nephrons

Name the main functions associated with each component of the nephron

What % of the cardiac output goes to the kidney and how many millilitres is it?

What are the two auto regulation mechanisms that the kidney uses to adjust blood flow?

What structure takes the filtrate from the kidney to the bladder?

What is the name of the muscle of the bladder and how much liquid can the bladder hold?

What structure is the tube the leads the urine out of the body?

How does the process of voiding/urination take place?

What is the difference between reabsorption and secretion?

How is the filtration pressure changed and what is the pressure in mmHg?

What does GFR actually reflect?

What is the typical urine output of a human?

What is the main function of reabsorption?

What are some of the main molecules that are reabsorbed at the PCT?

What are some of the main molecules that are secreted at the PCT?

What components are reabsorbed in each section of the Loop of Henle?

What components are reabsorbed in the DCT?

What are different types of cells within the collecting ducts and what do they reabsorb/secrete?

Countercurrent multiplication is what type of feedback loop?

Explain why it is the type of feedback loop.

How does ADH influence urine production?

How does Aldosterone influence urine production?

Outline how the RAAS influences blood pressure. E.g., blood pressure drops due to blood loss.

Name some complications of the renal system related to ageing