What is connectance?

What space should parasites occupy in the classical Eltonian pyramid suggested by Sukhdeo and Hernandez 2005?

What is parasite mediated competition?

Give an example of direct effects of parasites in biological invasions (parasite mediated competition)

Parasites can also positively contribute to biodiversity, how?

Give an example of parasites positively contributing to biodiversity

Name the six phyla of parasites that infect sharks

What are the main sites of the shark that are parasitised?

What cooperative behaviour can be seen in assiting sharks rid parasites?

What other behaviours help sharks rid endo-parasites?

What is dualism?

How is parasitism considered part of dualism?

Who described dualism in parasitism? (author)

How do parasites have an evolutionary advantage against their hosts?

How do hosts evolve to counteract parasites?

What is the red-queen hypothesis?

What are the red queen dynamics?