timelord327
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A mind map about Crude Oil

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timelord327
Created by timelord327 over 10 years ago
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Crude OilWhat is it?A Fossil Fuel fromunderground made ofancient biomassA mixture* that can beseparated by fractionaldistillationWhat's FractionalDistillation?Fractional Distillation is used to split the crude oil into useful substances e.g. Petrol. It does this byevaporating the CO into a vapour and pumping it into a tower. This rises and condenses at its boiling pointin the tower (the top of the tower is cooler than the bottom) This separates the mixture into differentliquids (and 1 gas)Crude Oil can primarily make:BitumenLubricating OilDieselParaffinLiquids at the bottom ofthe tower have the highestboiling pointPetrolAt the very top at temperatures averaging at about 25 degrees C, LPG (liquid petroleum gas) isproduce. This has a boiling point so low it doesn't condense in the tower.Liquids at the top of thetower have a low boilingpointAs you go up the tower theMolecules:Are smallerHave lower boilingpointsAre more VolatileAre less ViscousIgnite moreeasilyRequire less oxygen to burn properlyBut these fractions can bedistilled further to become morevaluable as they are stillmixtures*The mixture mainly containsHydrocarbons, a little bit ofsulphur and sulphur compoundsThe process is called CrackingAnd Cracking is?Cracking is done bysplitting the largermolecules into smaller,more useful onesYou do this byevaporating the largemolecules and passingthe vapours over a hotcatalyst. Thermaldecomposition breakssome of the bonds tocreate smallerHydrocarbons.The result will always end with an alkane and analkeneAlkanes:Hydrocarbonswith single C-CbondsAlkenes:Hydrocarbons with adouble C=C bondDouble click this nodeto edit the textClick and drag this buttonto create a new node