Biological Processes

Genotype.
A genotype is the collection of almost all cells of an individual's genes. Provided by parents at the time of conception and does not change throughout life, it is fixed.

This can vary i.e. Identically Genetic Twin share the same genotype but if raised in different Environment with have non identitical Phenotypes.

Action Potential.
An action potential is a brief and sudden Change in the resting value of electrical voltage in a cell and the return to this level. Action potentials travel along a Neuron in a fraction of a second thus we can detect tissue damage rapidly from burning or freezing fingertips for example.

Brain Lesions.
A Brain lesion is any kind of damage to the brain, caused by accident or surgery.

Sperry seperated the Corpus Callosum to inhibit Epileptic Seizure and Penfold removed diseased tissue from the temporal lobe and discovered with electrical stimulation early Childhood memories could be elicited.

Neurotransmitter.
Chemical messengers which communicate via gaps called synapses between neurons.

Phenotype.
Collection of almost all of a humans cells/genes which influence the structure of body eg height/nervous system.

Twins can have different Phenotypes despite having identical Genotypes if they were raised in differeing environments.