Sarah Warburton
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hard Psychology (year one ) Quiz on Brain and mind , created by Sarah Warburton on 06/02/2018.

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Sarah Warburton
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Brain and mind

Question 1 of 73

1

The central sulcus

Select one or more of the following:

  • goes from the top of the brain to the lateral fissure

  • separated the two hemispheres from one another

  • forms one border of the occupational cortex

  • is the seat of the primary auditory cortex

Explanation

Question 2 of 73

1

How is a cortical region that deals with more than low level perception called?

Select one or more of the following:

  • superior cortex

  • connected cortex

  • association cortex

  • interactive cortex

Explanation

Question 3 of 73

1

Which of the following is most clearly associated with primary visual function?

Select one or more of the following:

  • inter-hemispheric fissure

  • calcarine fissure

  • lateral fissure

  • central sulcus

Explanation

Question 4 of 73

1

the primary auditory cortex is not

Select one or more of the following:

  • a portion of the parietal lobe

  • located within the lateral fissure

  • located in the superior temporal cortex

  • organised based on sensitivity to sound frequency

Explanation

Question 5 of 73

1

The front of the brain is...

Select one or more of the following:

  • on the side of the occiput

  • where the brain is thinner rather than bulkier

  • on the same side as the cerebellum

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 6 of 73

1

Evolutionary increase of the human brain's computational power was made possible by

Select one or more of the following:

  • neoteny, the ability of the human body to mature after birth

  • the cortex becoming folded this is increasing the surface area

  • neural selection and reduction of redundant connections between neutrons

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 7 of 73

1

Which direction is towards the top of the brain?

Select one or more of the following:

  • ventral

  • dorsal

  • posterior

  • temporal

Explanation

Question 8 of 73

1

Looking at the brain from underneath, one can see:

Select one or more of the following:

  • the central sulcus

  • the corpus collosum

  • the calcarine fissure

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 9 of 73

1

The inter-hemispheric fissure

Select one or more of the following:

  • runs from the top to the side of the brain

  • runs along the top of the superior temporal cortex

  • separates the left and right hemisphere of the brain

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 10 of 73

1

the primary visual cortex is located

Select one or more of the following:

  • just behind the eyes, in the frontal cortex

  • posterior to the central sulcus

  • on the ventral surface of the brain

  • in the Broca's area to the left and right of the brain

Explanation

Question 11 of 73

1

neurons

Select one or more of the following:

  • are sensory cells whereas astrocytes are motor cells

  • are the only type of cell encountered in the brain

  • can communicate with one another through synapses

  • are only found in the cerebral cortex of the brain

Explanation

Question 12 of 73

1

the thalamus

Select one of the following:

  • acts as a pacemaker for the attention in the brain

  • is located under the hypothalamus

  • is not connected to the visual system

  • is a single nucleus in the brain

Explanation

Question 13 of 73

1

the hypothalamus is primarily involved in

Select one or more of the following:

  • visual perception

  • central hormone control

  • general body sensitivity

  • language comprehension

Explanation

Question 14 of 73

1

a synapse is where

Select one or more of the following:

  • action potentials jump from one neurone to another neurone

  • neurotransmitters from the presynaptic enter the post synaptic neurone

  • action based potential communication is relayed by chemical communication

  • neurones have their membranes fuse together to make a network

Explanation

Question 15 of 73

1

oligodendrocytes are

Select one or more of the following:

  • neurone with many axonal extensions

  • cells specialised in the immune response

  • proteins set in the membrane of neurones

  • cells insulating the axon of several neurones

Explanation

Question 16 of 73

1

all neurones have

Select one or more of the following:

  • a soma, dendrites and an axon

  • an axon, myelin sheaths, and neurotransmitters

  • a soma, dendrites and synapses

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 17 of 73

1

the resting potential is the difference of charge

Select one or more of the following:

  • between the inside and the outside of the neurone when it is firing

  • between the axon hillock and the presynaptic membrane

  • across the neurones membrane when a neurone has died

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 18 of 73

1

the action potential

Select one or more of the following:

  • is adaptable in size so that the neurone to communicate stimulus intensity

  • happens whenever the power of electrical stimulation received by the neurone

  • can be produced every millisecond to support frequency coding

  • can only happen when the neurone is at resting potential

Explanation

Question 19 of 73

1

neurones

Select one or more of the following:

  • are born a few weeks before we are born and normally stay alive all our life

  • can be up to a meter long in order to reach the sacrum of the spinal cord

  • are always covered in myelin sheaths to increase communication speed

  • are only found in the cerebral cortex and the internal nuclei of the brain

Explanation

Question 20 of 73

1

saltatory conduction

Select one or more of the following:

  • correct is not possible on the surface of neurones that have ranvier nodes

  • corresponds to the jumping of action potentials from one neurones to the next

  • is prevented by the insulating sheath of myelin covering neurones

  • allows action potentials to travel faster down the myelinated axon

Explanation

Question 21 of 73

1

images presented in the nasal field of view are

Select one or more of the following:

  • percieved by the dominant right visual cortex

  • half-percieved by the left visual cortex and half-percieved by the right visual cortex

  • processed mainly by the fovea

  • provide more detail but less motion information

Explanation

Question 22 of 73

1

the face inversion effect

Select one or more of the following:

  • is an argument in favour of non-specificity for face processing in the human brain

  • is the proof for the exsistence of a face module in the inferior temporal lobe

  • corresponds to a change in facial expression when a face if shown upside-down

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 23 of 73

1

pure prosopagnosia is a syndrome in which the patient

Select one or more of the following:

  • is unable to produce and comprehend language although vision is normal

  • has a selective incapacity to identify colours and shapes

  • is unable to recognise faces although object recognition can be close to normal

  • is unable to name faces but can still recognize photos of them

Explanation

Question 24 of 73

1

which of the following does not usually relate to visual function?

Select one or more of the following:

  • a lesion in the visual association cortex

  • Brocas asphasia

  • a lesion in the primary visual cortex

  • prosopagnosia

Explanation

Question 25 of 73

1

neurons in the visual association cortex

Select one or more of the following:

  • all have the ability to respond to stimulus lightess

  • cannot respond to contrast and motion at the same time

  • cannot respond to shape and motion simulateneously

  • can indivually respond to faces without responding to face parts

Explanation

Question 26 of 73

1

which of the following is part of the human eye

Select one or more of the following:

  • the lens

  • the pupillus

  • the retinalis

  • the filter

Explanation

Question 27 of 73

1

images received on the retina are inverted (left-right, up-down), and it is overall the same in the

Select one or more of the following:

  • the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

  • the visual association cortex

  • the primary visual cortex

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 28 of 73

1

the visual cortex is where

Select one or more of the following:

  • decisions regarding the response to visual information are made

  • visual information is selectively merged with olfactive information

  • the most basic aspects of visual information are processed

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 29 of 73

1

prosopagnosia is generally the consequence of a lesion in the

Select one or more of the following:

  • visual association cortex

  • superior temporal lobe

  • calcarine fissure

  • fronto-temporal regions

Explanation

Question 30 of 73

1

pure prosopagnosia is a syndrome in which the patient

Select one or more of the following:

  • is unable to produce and comprehend language although vision normal

  • has a selective incapacity to identify colour and shapes

  • is unable to recognise faces although object recognition can be close to normal

  • is unable to name faces but can still recognize them on photographs

Explanation

Question 31 of 73

1

which of the following does not usually relate to visual function

Select one or more of the following:

  • a lesion in the visual association cortex

  • Brocas asphasia

  • a lesion in the primary visual cortex

  • prosopagnosia

Explanation

Question 32 of 73

1

images presented in the nasal field of view are

Select one or more of the following:

  • percieved by dominant right visual cortex

  • half-percieved to the left visual cortex and half-percieved by the right visual cortex

  • processed mainly by the fovea

  • provide more detail but less motion information

Explanation

Question 33 of 73

1

prosopagnosia is generally the consequence of a lesion in the

Select one or more of the following:

  • visual association cortex

  • superior temporal lobe

  • calcarine fissure

  • fronto-temporal regions

Explanation

Question 34 of 73

1

the philosophy, the earliest systematic interest in the mind-body problem in phliosophy began

Select one or more of the following:

  • an ancient​ greece

  • with Rene Descartes

  • with Thomas Hobbes

  • With BF Skinner​

Explanation

Question 35 of 73

1

As regards the mind-brain problem, the materialist monist position holds that

Select one or more of the following:

  • there is only kind of object: the mind

  • there is only kind of object: the brain

  • there are two kinds of objects: the brain and the mind

  • there are three kinds of objects: the brain, the mind and the soul

Explanation

Question 36 of 73

1

as regards the mind-brain problem, the idealistic monist position holds that

Select one or more of the following:

  • there is only the kind of object: the brain

  • there is the only kind of object: the mind

  • there are two kinds of objects: the brain and mind

  • there are three kinds of objects: the mind, the brain, and the soul

Explanation

Question 37 of 73

1

as regards the mind-brain problems, which approach holds that hat there is only one kind of object, but that it appears quite different when viewed through different classes of sense organ

Select one or more of the following:

  • materialist monism

  • idealist monism

  • substance dualism

  • dual aspect monism

Explanation

Question 38 of 73

1

which of the following is NOT true of Rene Descartes

Select one or more of the following:

  • he emphasised the importance of the pineal gland for mind and brain interactions

  • he reported the important case of Phineas Gage

  • he is regarded as the key thinker for the position of dualism

  • he is well known for his phrase 'Cogito ergo sum' (i think therefore i am)

Explanation

Question 39 of 73

1

which behaviourist psychologist believed that mind was an epihenomenon, or an illusion, and thus that humans might be regarded as zombies or robots?

Select one or more of the following:

  • JB Watson

  • BF Skinner

  • Antonio Damasio

  • David Chalmers

Explanation

Question 40 of 73

1

lesions to which brain structures produce loss of conciousness and coma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • frontal lobe

  • hippocampus

  • upper brain stem

  • pituitary gland

Explanation

Question 41 of 73

1

if we could locate the brain systems that underpin consciousness we would have solved (following Charmers) the:

Select one or more of the following:

  • the hard problem of conciousness

  • the easy problem of conciousness

  • the problem of core conciousness

  • the problem of extended conciousness

Explanation

Question 42 of 73

1

which of the following disorders can be regarded as examples of loss of core consciousness?

Select one or more of the following:

  • expressive asphasia (after left frontal lesion)

  • episodic memory impariment (after bilateral temporal lesions)

  • dysexecutive disorder (after bilateral frontal lesion)

  • none of the above are examples of loss of core consciousness

Explanation

Question 43 of 73

1

which of the following is not true of the disorder encephalitis lethargica (von Economo disease)

Select one or more of the following:

  • it results from damage to dopamine producing cells

  • it occured just after world war I, as a flu-like illness

  • it resulted from a lesion to the hippocampus

  • it produces a disorder of loss of initiation and agency, but with intact conciousness

Explanation

Question 44 of 73

1

In philosophy, the earliest systematic interest in the mind-body problem in philosophy began

Select one of the following:

  • Ancient Greece

  • Rene Descartes

  • Thomas Hobbs

  • BF Skinner

Explanation

Question 45 of 73

1

As regards with brain-mind problem, the materialist monist positions holds that

Select one of the following:

  • there is only one kind of object: the mind

  • there is only one kind of object: the brain

  • there are two types of objects: the brain and mind

  • there are three kinds of object: the brain, the mind and the soul

Explanation

Question 46 of 73

1

As regards to the brain-mind problem, the idealist monist postition holds that

Select one or more of the following:

  • there is only kind of object: the mind

  • there is only kind of object: the brain

  • there is two kinds of objects: the brain and the mind

  • that there are three types of objects: the brain, the mind and the soul

Explanation

Question 47 of 73

1

As regards for the brain-mind problem, which approach holds that there is only one kind of object, but that is appears quite different when viewed through different classes of sense organ?

Select one or more of the following:

  • materialistic monism

  • idealistic monism

  • substance dualism

  • dual aspect monism

Explanation

Question 48 of 73

1

which of the following is not true of Rene Descartes?

Select one or more of the following:

  • he emphasised the importance of the pineal gland for mind brain interaction

  • he reported the importance cause of phinease gage

  • he is regarded as the key thinker for the position of dualism

  • he is well known for his phrase 'cogito ergo sum' (' i think therefore I am')

Explanation

Question 49 of 73

1

which behaviourist psychologist believed that mind was a epiphenomenon, or an illusion, and thus humans might be regarded zombies or robots?

Select one or more of the following:

  • JB watson

  • BF Skinner

  • Antonio Damasio

  • David Chambers

Explanation

Question 50 of 73

1

lesion to which brain structure produces loss of consciousness and coma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • frontal lobes

  • hippocampus

  • upper brain stem

  • pituitary gland

Explanation

Question 51 of 73

1

which of the following disorders can be regarded as examples of a loss of core consciousness

Select one or more of the following:

  • expressive aphasia (after a left frontal lesion)

  • episodic memory impairment (after bilateral temporal lesions)

  • dysexecutive disorder (after bilateral frontal lesion)

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 52 of 73

1

if we could locate the brain systems that underpin conciousness we would have solved (following Chambers) the

Select one or more of the following:

  • the hard problem of the consciousness

  • the easy problem of the consciousness

  • the problem of the core consciousness

  • the problem of the extended consciousness

Explanation

Question 53 of 73

1

which of the following is not true of the disorder encephalitis lethargica (von economo disease)?

Select one or more of the following:

  • it results from damage to the dopamine producing cells

  • it occurred after just after WW1, as like a flu like illness

  • it resulted from lesions to the hippocampus

  • it produces a disorder of loss of initiation and agency, but with intact consciousness

Explanation

Question 54 of 73

1

which of the following is not true of the way that corvids (such as crows and ravens) hide objects when observed by other birds

Select one or more of the following:

  • they hide the object more quickly

  • they hide behind an intervening object

  • they distract the other bird by making loud noise

  • they wait until other bird has left before hiding

Explanation

Question 55 of 73

1

which is true of the 'rouge' or spot test

Select one or more of the following:

  • it is a measure of self-awareness

  • it involves the use of a mirror

  • is has been successfully passed by several non-human species

  • it is usually passed by children after they reach an age of six months

Explanation

Question 56 of 73

1

which behaviour has not been observed in cephalopod species (squad, octopus ect)

Select one or more of the following:

  • hiding in coconut shells, as examples of tool use

  • moving coconut shells, as examples of tool use

  • signing, using tenticles, as examples of language use

  • opening jars as examples of problem solving

Explanation

Question 57 of 73

1

which of the following is true to chimpanzee language?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Nim Chimpsky is a famous chimpanzee language learner

  • Noam Chimpsy is a famous chimpanzee language learner

  • all chimpanzee language acquisition is a result of simple stimulus-response learning

  • no chimpanzee has ever learned sign language

Explanation

Question 58 of 73

1

which of the following brain structures are best conserved across the last 500 million years of vertebrate solution

Select one or more of the following:

  • the brain stem

  • the frontal lobe

  • the thalamus

  • the hippocampus

Explanation

Question 59 of 73

1

which of brain structure is not associated with the experience of basic emotions

Select one or more of the following:

  • the brain stem

  • the frontal lobes

  • the hypothalamus

  • the anterior cingulate gyrus

Explanation

Question 60 of 73

1

which of the following is not true of the behaviour of mammals after parent infant seperation

Select one or more of the following:

  • soon after seperation (ie acutely), the infant makes distress vocalisation

  • after substantial time has passed seperation (ie chronically), the infant is passive and subdued

  • distress vocalisation can be decreased in the infant by contact comfort

  • distress vocalisation can be increased in the infant by administering opiates

Explanation

Question 61 of 73

1

in 1971, Jane Goodall described that a chimpanzee avoided retrieving a piece of fruit in front of the others, because she might have to share the fruit. Here Goodall was reporting an example of

Select one or more of the following:

  • theory of mind

  • mirror self awareness

  • tool use

  • problem solving

Explanation

Question 62 of 73

1

Thomas Nagels famous essay about bats and animal minds suggested that...

Select one or more of the following:

  • theres evidence

  • no current evidence

  • don’t know what it’s like as it’s impossible due to principle

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 63 of 73

1

Alex the parrot is not able to

Select one or more of the following:

  • name qualities

  • name colours and shapes

  • understand concepts such a larger and different

  • ask questions

Explanation

Question 64 of 73

1

the orbitalfrontal cortex

Select one or more of the following:

  • lies behind the central sulcus

  • inhibits socially inacceptable behaviour

  • is spared by prefrontal lobotomy

  • is another name for Brocas area

Explanation

Question 65 of 73

1

In a patient with bilateral destruction of the amygdala, which of these symptoms would be lease expected

Select one or more of the following:

  • the incapability to determine that pictures depicit concrete or abstract objects

  • low memorisation of emotionally negative events presented in a story

  • reduced bilateral activation of the amygdala while viewing the negative pictures

  • the same startle response while viewing neutral and unpleasant pictures

Explanation

Question 66 of 73

1

the limbic system is involved in

Select one or more of the following:

  • emotions and balancing

  • memory and language

  • language, balance and sleep

  • memory and emotions

Explanation

Question 67 of 73

1

change in behaviour

Select one or more of the following:

  • following brain injury can be exactly predicted from brain lesions

  • cannot modify the structure and/or function of the human brain

  • are more complex for association cortex lesions than primary sensory lesions

  • the ​result from physical alterations of brain tissue, not chemical changes

Explanation

Question 68 of 73

1

prefrontal lobotomy​

Select one or more of the following:

  • is the best method to treat patients with abnormal social behaviour

  • refers to the injection of neuroleptics in the prefrontal cortex

  • was developed because neuroleptics had not yet been invented

  • corresponds to the cutting of the corpus collosum

Explanation

Question 69 of 73

1

which of the following has least to do with emotions

Select one or more of the following:

  • the amygdala

  • the basal ganglia

  • the sense of smell

  • the peri-aqueductal grey matter

Explanation

Question 70 of 73

1

patients with a lesion in the amygdala

Select one or more of the following:

  • tend to be hyper sensitive to sudden noises and are started by them

  • tend to only remember emotional details when they read a story

  • don't understand well the content of speech but are bothered by prosody

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 71 of 73

1

a member of an African tribe who had never had contact with our civilisation expressed emotions that are highly recognisable by european observers. This shows that...

Select one or more of the following:

  • people if Africa learnt to express emotion in the same way as Europeans

  • the African tribe in question in fact had unreported contacts with European civilisation

  • emotional expression has a genetic basis and is universal

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 72 of 73

1

labotomy in the 1950s

Select one or more of the following:

  • involved removing the majority of the frontal lobe from the patients brain leaving them only sound tissue

  • was used as a last resort to assist patients with severe and debiliating anxiety attacks

  • was inspired by the case of Phinease Gage who survived a terrible accident

  • involved anesthesia and several hours of operation for every patient

Explanation

Question 73 of 73

1

frontal patients

Select one or more of the following:

  • have more violent urges to do things and are often seen as unstoppable by their family

  • manifest from major memory losses and struggle to remember things that have happened to them

  • show little interest in others and themselves and struggle to initate actions

  • have severly dystfunctional language in both comprehension and production

Explanation

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