Michael Jardine
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PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

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Michael Jardine
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PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

Question 1 of 29

1

Which of the following are sources of glucose (that end up in the blood, then onwards)?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Liver

  • Diet

  • Adipose tissue

  • Lungs

Explanation

Question 2 of 29

1

Select from the dropdown list to complete the text.

Fatty Acids can only be used in ( Aerobic, Anaerobic, Intrinsic, Extrinsic ) metabolism.

Explanation

Question 3 of 29

2

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

Lactic acid from ( Anaerobic, Aerobic, Liver, Adipose Tissue, Lungs, Muscle Fibre, Blood ) metabolism can be converted to ( Glucose, Glycogen, Glucagon, Fatty Acids ) by the ( Liver, Muscle Fibres, Blood, Anaerobes, Gut, Lungs ).

Explanation

Question 4 of 29

1

Skeletal Muscle released endocrine signals in the form of:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Myokines

  • Myometabolites

  • Other muscle-derived signals

  • Adipokines

  • Adipometabolites

  • Neutrophils

Explanation

Question 5 of 29

1

Endocrine signals released from Skeletal Muscle can go to which of the following:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Bone

  • Brain

  • Liver

  • Pancreas

  • Adipose Tissue

  • Cardiovascular

  • Gut

  • Itself

Explanation

Question 6 of 29

2

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

During exercise, the blood supply to the following areas is increased/decreased/unchanged:
CNS: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )
GI tract: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )
Kidney: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )
Muscles: ( Increased, Decreased, Unchanged )

Explanation

Question 7 of 29

1

An overabundance of which of the following leads to obesity?

Select one of the following:

  • Fast-twitch fibres

  • Slow-twitch fibres

  • Both of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 8 of 29

1

Myokines are CYTOKINES and PROTEINS produced by muscle. Most are regulated by what?

Select one of the following:

  • Contractile activity

  • Diet

  • Growth factors

  • Endocrine signalling

  • Paracrine signalling

Explanation

Question 9 of 29

1

True or false: Myokines are the molecular link between nerve function and whole-body physiology?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 29

2

Exercise-induced myokines include which of the following?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Irisin

  • Interleukin 6

  • Interleukin 15

  • Metrnl (Meteorin-like)

  • Angptl4 (Angiopoietin-like)

  • CXCL-1

  • Myostatin

  • Leptin

  • Angiopoietin

  • Myonectin

Explanation

Question 11 of 29

1

True or false: Irisin elevates energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 29

1

True or false: Irisin lowers energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 29

2

Irisin brown fat thermogenesis (browning & thermogenic function in fat)

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Promotes
    Inhibits
    Prevents
    White
    Brown
    Beige

Explanation

Question 14 of 29

1

Myokines have __________ functions.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Autocrine

  • Paracrine

  • Endocrine

Explanation

Question 15 of 29

1

Muscle displays plasticity in metabolic responses to:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Caloric availability

  • Physical activity

Explanation

Question 16 of 29

1

Select from the dropdown lists to complete the text.

UCP1 is a core factor for ( Thermogenesis, Proliferation, Apoptosis, Torpor ) in ( Brown, White, Beige ) Adipose Tissue.

Explanation

Question 17 of 29

1

InterLeukin 6 (IL6) is a myokine that happens to also be produced by:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Monocytes/Macrophages

  • Fibroblasts

  • Vascular Endothelial Cells

  • Vascular Epithelial Cells

  • Mitochondria

Explanation

Question 18 of 29

1

IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory.
is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way.
leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Elevated Systemic IL6
    Exercise-induced IL6

Explanation

Question 19 of 29

1

IL6 is produced __________ exercise.

Select one or more of the following:

  • During

  • After

  • Before

Explanation

Question 20 of 29

1

At exercise time (before? during? after?), IL6 is produced by:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Skeletal Muscle

  • Connective Tissue

  • The Brain

  • Adipose Tissue

  • Cardiac Muscle

  • Smooth Muscle

Explanation

Question 21 of 29

1

In addition to exercise, myokines can also be induced by:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Nutrients

  • Organelle Dysfunction

  • Stress Responses

  • Trying really hard

Explanation

Question 22 of 29

1

True or false: The nutrient Palmitate modifies expression of many myokines (including Irisin, FGF21, IL6, CXCL1, CXCL5, Myonectin).

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 29

1

Autocrine myokines regulate and .
(put the two in alphabetical order)

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Myogenesis
    Regeneration
    Myocarditis
    Apoptosis
    Degeneration
    Blood Pressure

Explanation

Question 24 of 29

1

Which of the following can be all of (Hepatokine, Adipokine, Myokine)?

Select one of the following:

  • FGF21

  • Irisin

  • Myonectin

  • IL6

Explanation

Question 25 of 29

1

Which of the following myokines can be a biomarker in: (Increased serum levels: Coronary Heart Disease, Cushing’s Syndrome, Carcinoid Atherosclerosis, Obesity/T2D, Mitochondrial Disease, Preeclampsia; Decreased serum levels: Anorexia Nervosa)?

Select one of the following:

  • FGF21

  • Irisin

  • Myonectin

  • IL6

Explanation

Question 26 of 29

1

How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?

Select one of the following:

  • 2½ – 5 hours/week

  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week

  • > 4 hours/week

  • N/A

Explanation

Question 27 of 29

1

How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?

Select one of the following:

  • 2½ – 5 hours/week

  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week

  • > 4 hours/week

  • N/A

Explanation

Question 28 of 29

1

How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?

Select one of the following:

  • 2½ – 5 hours/week

  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week

  • > 4 hours/week

  • N/A

Explanation

Question 29 of 29

1

How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?

Select one of the following:

  • 2½ – 5 hours/week

  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week

  • > 4 hours/week

  • N/A

Explanation

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