KEY TERMS TO LEARN:

GENE POOL - Total no. alleles in a population at a particular time

SELECTIVE BREEDING - Artificial selection, variety is restricted, smaller gene pool

DIFFERENT ALLELES - Greater number = more genetic diversity = more likely/able to adapt

DISCONTINUOUS VARIATION - 1 or 2 genes, discreet groups, qualitative

CONTINUOUS VARIATION - Polygenes or environmental cause, no discreet groups, quantitative

ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION - Climate e.g. rainfall, pH, food availability

GENETIC VARIATION - Mutations, meiosis, fusion of gametes

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS - Determines the extent of chance causing variation, or another cause

LARGE SAMPLE SIZE - Less probability that chance will affect results

RANDOM SAMPLING - Uses a grid, random number generator and co-ordinates

AGRICULTURE AND DEFORESTATION - Reduced species diversity

BIODIVERSITY - 3 types: species/genetic/ecosystem

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE COMPARISONS - Compares the same protein from different species - similarities = how closely related they are

IMMUNOLOGICAL COMPARISONS OF PROTEINS - Antibodies from one species will respond to specific antigens on proteins in the blood serum of another

PHYLOGENY - Evolutionary relationships between organisms

NATURAL CLASSIFICATION - Homologous characteristics shared features from ancestors

TAXONOMY - King Phillip Cut Open Five Green Snakes: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

BINOMIAL SYSTEM - Latin/Greek - generic name and specific name

SPECIES - Same gene pool, occupy the same ecological niche, breed to produce living, fertile offspring

GENETIC BOTTLENECK - Sudden drop in population - few survivors, smaller variety of alleles = less genetic diversity

FOUNDER EFFECT - Few individuals colonise area, less genetic diversity

	Created by ChloeTaylor over 11 years ago

A-Levels Biology Note on Variation, Genetic Diversity, Biodiversity and Classification Notes, created by ChloeTaylor on 27/05/2013.