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Psychology Quiz on PSYB1 - Approaches, created by hutchinson184 on 20/05/2013.

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PSYB1 - Approaches

Question 1 of 34

1

What is classical conditioning?

Select one of the following:

  • The conditioning of involuntary behaviours

  • The conditioning of voluntary behaviour

Explanation

Question 2 of 34

1

What is operant conditioning?

Select one of the following:

  • The conditioning of involuntary behaviours

  • The conditioning of voluntary behaviours

Explanation

Question 3 of 34

1

What is operant conditioning?

Select one of the following:

  • The conditioning of involuntary behaviours

  • The conditioning of voluntary behaviours

Explanation

Question 4 of 34

1

What is the first assumption of the behaviourist approach?

Select one of the following:

  • Learning occurs through association between stimulus and response

  • Learning occurs through consequences of behaviour

  • to investigate what happens between the stimulus and response

Explanation

Question 5 of 34

1

What is the second assumption of the behaviourist approach?

Select one of the following:

  • to investigate what happens between the stimulus and response

  • the conditioning of involuntary behaviour

  • Learning can occur through the consequences of behaviour

Explanation

Question 6 of 34

1

What is a disadvantage of the behaviourist approach?

Select one of the following:

  • It is deterministic - neglects free will. It makes humans appear to be controlled by their environment rather than being free to chose their own behaviour.

  • Approach is unscientific

Explanation

Question 7 of 34

1

What is the first assumption of the cognitive approach?

Select one of the following:

  • To investigate what happens between the stimulus and response

  • Humans are thought of as information processors and compared to computers

Explanation

Question 8 of 34

1

What is the second assumption of the cognitive approach?

Select one of the following:

  • to investigate what happens between the stimulus and response

  • humans are thought of as information processors and compared to computers

Explanation

Question 9 of 34

1

What are cognitive mediating factors?

Select one of the following:

  • Memory, Attention, Thinking

  • Memory, Attention, Motor Reproduction

Explanation

Question 10 of 34

1

What is the first assumption of the humanistic approach?

Select one of the following:

  • Each individual is unique, with individual needs, thoughts, feelings and experiences

  • Humans have free will and are basically good-striving towards personal growth and self-actualisation

Explanation

Question 11 of 34

1

What is the second assumption of the humanistic approach?

Select one of the following:

  • Humans have free will are and are basically good-striving towards personal growth and self-actualisation

  • Each individual is unique, with individual needs, thoughts, feelings and experiences

Explanation

Question 12 of 34

1

What is self-actualisation?

Select one of the following:

  • Having little or no difference between self-concept and ideal self.Can be important for psychological health

  • Fully achieving what we are capable of (our potential)

Explanation

Question 13 of 34

1

What is self concept?

Select one of the following:

  • Our thoughts and feelings about ourselves as individuals, based on experience (self esteem measures this)

  • How we would ideally like to think and feel about ourselves

Explanation

Question 14 of 34

1

What is Ideal Self?

Select one of the following:

  • Our thoughts and feelings about ourselves as individuals, based in experience (self-esteem measures this)

  • How we would ideally like to think and feel about ourselves

Explanation

Question 15 of 34

1

What is incongruence?

Select one of the following:

  • Having large differences between self-concept and ideal self (can lead to low self esteem and psychological problems such as unipolar depression)

  • Having little or no difference between self-concept and ideal self. Being congruent is important for psychological health.

Explanation

Question 16 of 34

1

What is congruence?

Select one of the following:

  • Having large differences between self concept and ideal self (can lead to low self esteem and psychological problems such as unipolar)

  • Having little or no difference between self-concept and ideal self. Being congruent is important for psychological health.

Explanation

Question 17 of 34

1

What is conditions of worth?

Select one of the following:

  • A child is only loved and accepted if their behaviour is deemed to be unacceptable

  • According to rogers, a child is only loved and accepted if their behaviour is deemed to be acceptable

Explanation

Question 18 of 34

1

What is the first assumption of social learning theory?

Select one of the following:

  • Learning takes place by watching and copying others

  • Takes into account mediating cognitive factors - ARMM - Attention, Retention, Motivation, Motor Reproduction

Explanation

Question 19 of 34

1

What is the second assumption of the social learning theory?

Select one of the following:

  • Takes into account mediating cognitive factors - ARMM - Attention, Retention, Motivation and Motor Reproduction

  • Learning takes place by watching and copying others

Explanation

Question 20 of 34

1

What is the evidence to support the social learning theory?

Select one of the following:

  • Bandura et al - children observing adults - bobo doll

  • Little hans case study

Explanation

Question 21 of 34

1

What is direct reinforcement?

Select one of the following:

  • If a model receives reinforcement for their behaviour this might affect whether the behaviour is likely to be copied

  • If a person copies a models behaviour and is then rewarded for it, this may affect whether they demonstrate the behaviour again.

Explanation

Question 22 of 34

1

What is vicarious reinforcement?

Select one of the following:

  • If a person copies a models behaviour and is then rewarded for it, this may affect whether they demonstrate the behaviour again

  • If a model receives reinforcement for their behaviour this might affect whether the behaviour is likely to be copied

Explanation

Question 23 of 34

1

What is the 1st assumption of the psychodynamic approach?

Select one of the following:

  • The unconscious mind is responsible for behaviour

  • Early childhood experiences can affect later development

Explanation

Question 24 of 34

1

What is the second assumption of the psychodynamic approach?

Select one of the following:

  • The unconscious mind is responsible for behaviour

  • Early childhood experiences can affect later development

Explanation

Question 25 of 34

1

What is the ID?

Select one of the following:

  • Works on the reality principle and tries to keep the demands of the ID in check by finding a socially acceptable way of satisfying it

  • Works on the need principle and is responsible for instinctual urges

Explanation

Question 26 of 34

1

What is the ego?

Select one of the following:

  • Works on the moral principle

  • Works on the reality principle and tries to keep the demands of the ID in check by finding a socially acceptable way of satisfying it

Explanation

Question 27 of 34

1

What is the superego?

Select one of the following:

  • Works on the need principle, that is responsible for instinctual urges

  • Works on the moral principle (ideas about right and wrong)

Explanation

Question 28 of 34

1

What are the 3 defence mechanisms?

Select one of the following:

  • Repression, Displacement and Identification

  • Repression, Interference, Trace Decay

Explanation

Question 29 of 34

1

What is repression?

Select one of the following:

  • Deliberately forgetting - moving bad/unwanted thoughts into the unconscious mind

  • Transferring bad/unwanted thoughts from one object or person to another

Explanation

Question 30 of 34

1

What is displacement?

Select one of the following:

  • Involves taking on the gender and moral behaviour of the same sex parent - occurs to reduce anxiety

  • Transferring bad/unwanted thoughts from one object or person to another

Explanation

Question 31 of 34

1

What is Identification?

Select one of the following:

  • Involves taking on the gender and moral behaviour of the same sex parent and occurs to reduce anxiety

  • Transferring bad/unwanted thoughts from one object or person to another

Explanation

Question 32 of 34

1

What is the oral stage?

Select one of the following:

  • Libido is focused on the mouth and the main source of conflict is weaning. Too much or too little satisfaction leads to fixation. This stage is purely ID driven.

  • Libido focused on the anus and the main source of conflict is potty training. The ego develops. Too much satisfaction = child anally retentive e.g. OCD and too little satisfaction = child being anally expulsive e.g. very untidy

Explanation

Question 33 of 34

1

What is the anal stage?

Select one of the following:

  • Libido focused on the anus and the main source of conflict is potty training. The ego develops. Too much satisfaction = child anally retentive e.g. OCD and too little satisfaction = child being anally expulsive e.g. very untidy

  • Child learns about external world. Libido concentrated on acquiring new skills, friendships and school

Explanation

Question 34 of 34

1

What is the phallic stage?

Select one of the following:

  • Libido focused on the genitals. Oedipus and electra conflict and as a result of identification, child takes on same sex parents ideas, thoughts,values and behaviours etc

  • The aim of this study is to achieve independance and sexual maturity. According to Freud that is the development of personality - he didnt believe later experiences would change a person

Explanation

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