Excision arthroplasty
- Removing a certain bone that articulates with a certain area.
- Not as common
- A space it left behind with scar tissue laid down to help with the healing process
- This is more common in the UE's
  - Such as humeroradial joint injuries, fracture of the radial head, and so on
  - This can be used on the LE's but is more for reconstruction
    - Ex:) After multi-failed attempts of a THA
- Complications after surgery
  - Joint instability
  - Leg length discrepancy
  - Constant muscular imbalance and weakness
Excision arthroplasty with implant
- Similar to excision arthroplasty but the bone is replaced with a silicone flexible material.
Interposition arthroplasty
- Mainly used to fix joint surfaces
- Can be used on patients who do not qualify as a candidate for total joint replacements such as children
- Most common is a CMC (carpometacarpal) joint of the thumb
Joint replacement arthroplasty
- A total joint replacement basically
- Used to relieve pain and improve function
- Typical with severe OA patients
Basic material review of arthroplasty
- Rigid
  - Metal mostly
- Semirigid
  - Plastic mostly
- Cemented
  - Cement mainly used for older patients or patients with a sedentary life style
  - Does eventually breakdown and cause pain
- Noncemented
  - Use of biofixation such as ingrowth of bone to hold the prosthetic
- Hybrid
  - One joint surface does not have cement and the another joint surface does
Contradindications
- Mainly when patients are not a candidate for arthroplasty if this is seen report it if the patient is about to get surgery.
- Active infect of the joint
- Chronic osteomyelitis (Inflammation of the bone due to an infection)
- Substantial lost of bone
- Significant paralysis of musclses surrounding the joint

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Collateral Ligaments Of The Knee